Polycystic ovary syndrome is a condition that affects the ovaries, characterised by irregular periods, increased hair and acne and in some cases infertility. Statistics show that PCOS affects 10% of women and is a metabolic and hormonal disorder. The condition is linked to the development of other medical conditions, such as insulin resistance, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, however, it’s thought to be related to abnormal hormone levels.
PCOS Symptoms
PCOS may cause symptoms such as:
- irregular menstrual cycles
- no periods
- excessive facial or body hair growth
- acne
- difficulty getting pregnant
- anxiety and depression
- obesity
- sleep apnoea
- thinning hair and head hair loss
PCOS Diagnosis
In most cases, PCOS can be diagnosed after an examination, based on symptoms, blood tests or ultrasound. PCOS diagnosis is made based on two out of three of the following:
- irregular or absent periods;
- acne, excess facial or body hair growth, scalp hair loss or high levels of androgens in the blood;
- polycystic ovaries visible on an ultrasound.
PCOS Treatment
Although there is no cure for PCOS, there are various methods that can help manage symptoms. These are:
- Birth control
- Prescription medication
- Life-style changes
- Ovarian drilling